Pollution on the High Seas Essay Example

Pollution on the High Seas Paper The most cost effective and simplest solution to this robber is to have shipping companies Start using altered bunker fuel which will reduce the nitrogen-oxide emissions effectively reducing air pollution and having the quickest positive impact on the environment. It has been proven that companies that have developed a Corporate Social Responsibility program are more profitable than those who dont have a CARS. The International Maritime Organization is responsible for setting guidelines for shipping companies to follow, however the guidelines are very difficult to enforce. Introduction Many cargo and cruise ships face environmental challenges within their equines functions. There is the social and ethical responsibility of protecting the environment along with providing cost effective sea faring transportation services. Ships using bunker fuel are creating large amounts of nitrous-oxide emissions which pollute the air, high-grade fuel is available which burns cleaner but is more expensive than bunker fuel. Key Issues Issue 1: Lack of regulation and the ability to enforce environmental protection laws in the sea faring cargo shipping and luxury cruise liner industries is affecting the environment. Environmental agencies are very concerned that the damage o the environment will dramatically escalate. In 1990 land based sulfur dioxide emissions in Europe were about 1 0 times higher than sea- based emissions; by 2030, sea-based emissions will exceed land-based emissions (Griffin, Bert, Starker ; Lang, 201 1 p. 102). Inspections of ships should be conducted to ensure conformity to the International Marine Organization standards. Violators against the regulations should be penalized. Although cruise lines and cargo shipping are different industries, they both need to share the same social responsibility in protecting the environment. Regardless of the industry there needs to be a common commitment to protecting the environment. The following is the environmental policy of Markers Line. (Internet, Markers Line). Our environmental policy In Markers Line we believe container shipping is about creating real and long lasting opportunities and we advocate a balanced, sustainable approach to our business. We will write a custom essay sample on Pollution on the High Seas specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pollution on the High Seas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pollution on the High Seas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although moving goods by sea is the most energy efficient and environmentally friendly mode of transportation, we acknowledge that our energy consumption and emissions as a container shipping line are significant. Therefore Markers Line aim to make containers transportation even more environmentally friendly and cost efficient by continuing to work with and engage all of our stakeholders. For Markers Line, protecting the environment is a question of constant care in the way we use resources, optimism operations and handle waste. Operating vessels in an environmentally sound manner requires a balanced and sustainable approach to long-term economic growth. Our vessels are at the industry forefront in fuel efficiency and implementation of environmentally friendly technologies and we continue to explore ways to improve. Our environmental logic is developed and governed by a dedicated department in Markers Line Health, Safety, and Environment and is deeply ingrained in the core values Of our company. The following is the Health, Environmental, Safety and Security Policy of Carnival Corporation ;PAL (Internet, Carnival Corporation).

Essay on CUSTOMER RETENTION STRATEGY AND CONTACT PLAN FOR ORANGE

Essay on CUSTOMER RETENTION STRATEGY AND CONTACT PLAN FOR ORANGE Essay on CUSTOMER RETENTION STRATEGY AND CONTACT PLAN FOR ORANGE Essay on CUSTOMER RETENTION STRATEGY AND CONTACT PLAN FOR ORANGEQuestion 1. Discuss the importance of a retention strategy during the customer lifecycle.For marketing products and services, it is important to study the stages of customer lifecycle and to interact with the customer accordingly at every stage. Managing customer relationships is especially important for services, since there is a greater element of interconnection between customers and service providers (compared to marketing products) (Sahaf 2008).There are different approaches to analyzing and managing customer lifecycle, but the most common model of customer lifecycle in marketing is the one suggested by Matt Cutler and Jim Sterne (Chung 2012).At the reach stage, the company focuses on attracting the attention of target customers. At the next stage, acquisition, the company works to engage its target customers and to bring them into own sphere of influence. Furthermore, at the conversion stage, those target customer s who have established a relationship with the company make a purchase. At the retention stage, the company is attempting to keep the customer and to increase sales volume in different ways. Finally, at the loyalty stage the customer turns into a partner and advocates the brand in his or her environment.Later on, this model of customer lifecycle was extended by the analysis of unsuccessful corporate attempts to attract customers at different stages of lifecycle. For example, failure at the acquisition stage leads to the abandonment of the product or service by customers. Failure to convert customers leads to attrition, and failure to retain customers causes high customer churn (Fig. 1).In the modern marketing environment, there is a change of focus from traditional marketing based on transactions to the new approach of relationship-based marketing (Hoffman 2007). While transaction-based marketing focuses on individual sales, the growth of sales volume and market share, relationship- based marketing emphasizes the role of customer retention, growing the share of customers and increasing individual customer satisfaction (Hoffman 2007). The former approach is good for short-term perspective, but leads to higher price sensitivity among customers and is associated with high marketing costs. Indeed, the cost of attracting new customers and generating new sales is on average 6 or 7 times higher than the cost of generating repeat sales (Lovelock, Patterson Wirtz 2014). Hence, relation-based marketing is therefore more cost-efficient; moreover, such approach helps to build brand loyalty and is more viable for the long-term perspective. In addition, such approach allows to avoid intensive price competition and to differentiate own products or services due to outstanding customer relationships. In particular, relationship-based marketing is highly efficient for services, since the role of interactions with customer is more important in the service sector (Reynolds Lanca ster 2007). Therefore, in order to differentiate its services among other competitors, Orange should adopt the relationship marketing approach instead of transaction-based marketing.In the context of relation-based marketing, a particularly valuable element of the customer lifecycle is customer retention. Customer retention can be defined as the number of customers doing business with the firm in the end of a financial year, expressed as a percentage of those who were active customers at the beginning of the year (Buttle 2008, p.258). Instead of year, any other reporting period might be chosen, depending on the rate of repurchasing of the specific product or service. For example, in the case of Orange, customer retention might be reviewed every month, since the payments are mostly monthly.Customer retention is an inverse of customer defection or churn the higher is customer retention, the lower is customer churn. Depending on the type of the product or service, customer-related dat a that might be used for identifying customer retention might be located in product silos, channel silos or in functional silos (Ferrell Hartline, 2012). In other words, customer information might relate to individual purchases, to group or channel purchases or to customer requests or queries instead of purchases (Piercy 2012). It is recommended to review different characteristics of customer retention: raw retention rate the characteristic defined in the previous paragraph, sales-adjusted retention rate sales volume generated by retained customers divided by the sales volume generated by all customers, and profit-adjusted retention rate the relation of profit from retained customers to the overall profit (Piercy 2012).There are numerous economic arguments illustrating the value of customer retention in customer lifecycle. First of all, retained customers tend to increase their purchases as tenure increases (Ferrell Hartline, 2012). Indeed, as customer trust and brand loyalty g row, customers have lower uncertainty associated with the product and the probability of repeat purchases increases. Secondly, customer retention helps to reduce the costs of customer management over time, both for individual customers and for B2B segment (Hoffman Bateson 2010). For most categories of customers, the costs of relationship maintenance are significantly lower than the costs of acquitting new customers. Furthermore, for large customers and B2B relationships, long-term partnership leads to automation of purchase processes and greater integration with customers. Such changes, in their turn, increase the chances of keeping such customers and turning them into brand advocates.Thirdly, customer retention is beneficial for marketing purposes. Loyal and satisfied customers tend to advertise the brand in their environment, post positive reviews on the web, etc. For example, customers in electronics industry who made one purchase will refer the company to their friends with 25% probability, while customers who made ten purchases with the same company, are likely to refer the company to their friends with 77% probability (Hoffman Bateson 2010). Therefore, customer retention creates advantages in terms of online, social and word-of-mouth marketing. Furthermore, loyal customers with high rate of satisfaction are more likely to pay premium prices for a particular product or service (Ellis 2012). For such customers, the value of a product or service is formed not only by the characteristics of the item purchased, but also by the relationships and trust in the company or the brand.Therefore, it is possible to state that customer retention is a highly important stage of customer lifecycle with notable economic and marketing value for the company. The profits from retaining customers are notably higher than the profits associated with acquiring new customers. According to Buttle (2008), a 5% increase in customer retention rate leads to the growth of net present value of customers between 25% and 95%, depending on the industry. Customer retention increases customer lifetime value and improves the company’s financial viability.Essay on CUSTOMER RETENTION STRATEGY AND CONTACT PLAN Â  FOR ORANGE part 2

Making the Case to Get a Business Degree

Making the Case to Get a Business Degree Business is a popular academic path for many students. These are just some of the reasons to major in business at the undergraduate or graduate level. Business is a Practical Major Business is sometimes known as the play it safe major because it is a practical choice for almost anyone. Every organization, regardless of industry, relies on business principles to prosper. Individuals who have a solid business education are not only poised to start their own business, they also have the practical skills needed to excel in a variety of positions in the industry of their choice. Demand for Business Majors is High The demand for business majors will always be high because there is an endless number of career opportunities available to individuals with a good business education. Employers in every industry need people who have been trained to organize, plan, and manage within an organization. In fact, there are many companies in the business industry who rely on business school recruiting alone to acquire new employees. You Could Earn a High Starting Salary There are some individuals who spend more than $100,000 on a graduate-level business education. These individuals know that they will make all of that money back within a year or two after graduation if they can find the right position. Starting salaries for business majors can be high, even at the undergraduate level. According to Census Bureau data, business is one of the highest paying majors. In fact, the only majors that pay more are architecture and engineering; computers, mathematics and statistics; and health. Students who earn an advanced degree, like an MBA, can earn even more. An advanced degree can make you eligible for management positions with very lucrative salaries, such as Chief Executive Officer or Chief Finance Officer. There are Plenty of Opportunities for Specialization Majoring in business isnt as straightforward as most people believe it is. There are more opportunities for specialization in business than most other fields. Business majors can choose to specialize in accounting, finance, human resources, marketing, nonprofits, management, real estate, or any path that relates to business and industry. If you arent sure what you want to do for the rest of your life, but you need to pick a major, business is a good option. You can always choose a specialization that fits your personality and career goals later on. You Could Start Your Own Business Most business programs⠁  - at the undergraduate and graduate level⠁  - contain core business courses in accounting, finance, marketing, management, and other essential business topics. The knowledge and skills that you obtain in these core classes are easily transferable to entrepreneurial pursuits, which means that you could easily start your own business after your earn your business degree. If you already know that you want to start your own company, you could major in business and minor or specialize in entrepreneurship to give yourself an extra edge.

Industrial Relations in UK and Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Industrial Relations in UK and Japan - Essay Example The term 'industrial relations' came into common use in Britain and North America during the 1920s. It has been joined by personnel management and, since the 1980s, human resource management (HRM). All there denote a particular activity (the management of people) and the area of academic enquiry. It covers relationship between manger and worker in all spheres of economic activity. The focus is employment: all forms of economic activity in which an employee works under the authority of an employer and receives a wage in return for his or her labour. Industrial relations thus excludes domestic labour and also self-employed and professionals who work under own account. Most studies of industrial relations have focused on the intuitions involved with the collective bargaining, arbitration and other forms of job regulation. However, we see industrial relations as dealing with all aspects of employee relationship including human resource management. Although the study of employment relations focuses on the regulation of work, it must take into account of the wider economic and social influences on the relative power of capital and labour and the interaction of the employers, workers, their collective organizations and the state. Adam (1988) sees industrial relations as having a dual character: it is both an interdisciplinary and a separate discipline in its own right'. Adopting an internationally comparative approach to employment relations not only insight from several disciplines but also knowledge of different national context. In this paper I will try to examine the ways in which comparative analysis can contribute to an understanding of the factors that shape national patterns of employment relations and identify the main features of two different countries. Industrial relations system Perhaps the most famous conceptual framework is Dunlop's (1958) notion of an 'industrial relations system'. Dunlop argues that the industrial relations system includes three sets of 'actors' and their representative organizations (the three parties): employers, workers and the state. These parties' relations are determined by three environmental context: the technology; market forces; and the relative power and status of the parties. Employment relations UK The United Kingdom has a total population of 60 million people and a labour force participation rate of 75 percent. The UK has fewer people employed in agriculture than any other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) country. About 27 percent of its other civilian population employees work in the industry. The remaining 70 percent work in service. There has been a greater decline in its 'industry' category since 1970 than any other OECD country. In spite the relative growth of services, there was steep rise in unemployment. 12 percent in the year 1986 before subsequently falling to 7 percent in the late 1990s. British politics has been dominated by two parties since 1945. The Conservative Party's support is strongest among the business and rural communities. By contrast, the Labour Party's support is traditionally strongest in the urban working class communities, through this has broadened. A significant but reducing proportion of its fund still comes from affiliated trade unions. There are several other political parties, including Liberal Democrats and nationalist parties

Mentoring and Enabling Learning in the Practice Setting Essay

Mentoring and Enabling Learning in the Practice Setting - Essay Example Every profession including health care can be wide and vast and in order for one to understand and gain experience, they need more than what is learnt in the class. In practicing health care, there is need to have a mentor who will guide the prospecting practitioner with vast experience. NMC defines a mentor as an individual who is registered and has completed the NMC approved mentor preparation programme and has acquired the skills, knowledge and competence needed to meet the defined outcomes. As a mentor, an individual has a key role to play in ensuring that they guide new and potential practitioners as they go through transition. Their roles include; Mentorship in nursing is very crucial considering the profession deals with lives. This calls for high standards and strictness in carrying out the duties. For that reason, there is need to have proper training, and guidance for new practitioners. This is what has necessitated the need for a mentor. Mentorship programme ensure that new practitioners and students gain the much needed orientation and training in a real life situation other than theory as it is done in schools. According to Bosher and Pharris (2009) mentorship in nursing plays a key role in growing careers as well as develops the social aspect of the individual. The Nursing and Midwifery Council the NMC official regulator of nurses and the main purpose of the council are to protect the public. This is done by keeping a register of all practicing nurses and by developing and setting standards that will guide their education, training, performance, conduct and ethics. The council came up with standards that will help and support learning and assessment in practice in the health care. The standards have been set in form of development frameworks and are put in 4 stages. These include, Registrants, Mentors, practice teachers and teachers. In addition to these four,

By The Time Macbeth Murders Duncan He Has Already Lost The Battle For His Soul Essay Example for Free

By The Time Macbeth Murders Duncan He Has Already Lost The Battle For His Soul Essay Introduction By the time Macbeth murders Duncan he has already lost the battle for his soul. In this essay I am going to discuss this statement and examine the factors that lead to his decision to kill the king. I shall divide the essay into 3 main parts, these are; 1. The battle for his soul 2. The factors which lead Macbeth to kill the king 3. Conclusion The Battle For His Soul This play was written for James 1 in 1606. Shakespeares children were now deceased and this had put him into a mood where he would only write tragic plays instead of the usual comedies. Shakespeare included the theme of witches for James 1 as he was into witchcraft and had even wrote a book about it. The target audience of Macbeth would have been a very superstitious Christian crowd. The King was believed to have been put on the throne by God, and to kill the King would be a great sin. The belief in the existence and power of witches was widely believed in Shakespeares day. The practice of witchcraft was seen to subvert the established order of religion and society, trying to corrupt people and making them sin against God. Witch hunting was a respectable, moral, and highly intellectual pursuit through much of the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries. If someone lost their soul, they would be lost to God and would be condemned to hell for eternity. Here is a definition of a soul taken from the oxford dictionary; 1. A persons soul is the spiritual part of them that is supposed to continue after their body is dead. 2. Somebodys mind, character, thoughts or feelings. From the beginning of the play, Macbeth undergoes a complete change in character from a virtuous nobleman into a monster. He has a tragic weakness ambition which, when released, draws him into a web of evil and corruption that finally leaves him with none of the noble human qualities he possessed at the beginning of the play. Before being transformed into a murderous monster, Macbeth is a popular noble and also a good friend with the King. This is shown when Duncan calls him his worthiest cousin. He shows great loyalty and devotion to both King Duncan and his country in his fight against the Thane of Cawdor. Duncan is grateful for this. He says; I have begun to plant thee and will labour / To make thee full of growing. He also fights with great courage, which he draws from knowing that he serves a good and virtuous King. This is proved when he says; Duncan / Hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been / So clear in his great office, that his virtues / Will plead like angels. He is modest when confronted with his achievements, in contrast to the arrogance that he displays after becoming king. He loves Lady Macbeth, an emotion he will eventually lose by the end of the play. Most of all, he fears what his greed and ambition can lead him to become, and he feels dubious about acting on them. When he kills the King he does it in cold blood, which shows his change after the incident with the witches. Macbeth doesnt want to kill the King but is convinced by Lady Macbeth that only good things will come from it. But just after he does kill the King, guilt overcomes him and he is left regretting the whole idea. This shows that he still wants Gods blessing. Also he says; But wherefore could I not pronounce Amen? / I had most need of the blessing and Amen / Stuck in my throat. At that time it was believed that if you could not say Amen, God would not bless you and you were doomed to eternal damnation. Ultimately he regrets killing the King. Here are some quotes that help to solidify this; I had most need of blessing I am afraid to think what I have done To know my deed, twere best not know myself Wake Duncan with thy knocking: I would thou couldst You should be thinking the obvious question: Why does Macbeth decide that he has to kill the King to become King? And, anyway, why is he not sufficiently happy with the high social position he occupies and the honoured status he has acquired among his peers? There is a very simplistic answer to this, and that is to say he is too inpatient and too ambitious. Both of these are sins and therefore Macbeth must be punished for them. As he believes that he is damned for eternity this breaks him down until he doesnt care or feel anymore. Banquo was also present when the witches predictions were made which makes Macbeth insecure. There are two reasons for this; 1. Banquos children will become Kings and 2. Banquo may suspect that Macbeth murdered Duncan. Macbeth is now in too deep to be repented for his sins and he knows this. To maintain his Kingship he decides to hire murderers to kill Banquo and his son, Fleance. This takes Macbeth beyond the murder of Duncan; it demonstrates that he will spare no one not even a close friend to secure his illegitimate kingship. He has turned his back on his closest companion and doesnt feel any guilt. This suggests that he has now become just as evil as the witches. Shortly after the murder of Banquo, the dead noble appears at Macbeths feast. The terror of seeing Banquos ghost makes Macbeth more paranoid and insecure than ever, which leads him to seek answers from the three Witches; And betimes I will to the weird sisters. / More shall they speak. For no I am bent to know / By the worst means, the worst This suggests that he still wants more and is still unhappy. He has tasted blood and now he wants more. He believes that he will lose his position as King unless he continues to kill. Eventually he has the blood of Duncan, Banquo, the two servants, Lady Macduff and her children on his hands. Blood is a very realistic image that helps people to relate blood and evil together. The Factors Which Lead Macbeth To Kill The King The witches play a vital role in Macbeths thinking about his own life, both before and after the murder of Duncan. Banquo and Macbeth recognize them as something supernatural, part of the landscape but not fully human inhabitants of it. They have malicious intentions and prophetic powers and yet they are not active agents. When I say active agents I mean that they dont do anything other than talk and offer answers. They have no power to compel. The most obvious interpretation of the witches is to see them as manifestations of evil in the world. They exist to tempt and torment people, to challenge their faith in themselves and their society. Act 1 scene 3 suggests that the witches have power but not enough to kill. This is shown when they are talking among themselves about a woman who would not give one of the witches a chestnut. The witch tells her sisters that she will make the winds blow strongly against her husbands ship. They work on Macbeth by equivocation, that is, by ambiguous promises of some future state. These promises come true, but not in the way that the victim originally believed. Macbeth takes his first step toward losing his soul when he is confronted with the knowledge that he will be king. The witches tell him; All hail, Macbeth! that shalt be King thereafter! When they say this he makes the mistake of letting his ambition overrule his judgment. If his judgment had remained intact in the face of the witches powerful prophecy, he certainly would have decided not to let his actions be dictated by a prophecy given to him by three strange witches who evade most of the questions he asks. The witches, appeal to what Macbeth wants to believe. They dont make him believe it and they do not tell him what to do in order to achieve what they prophesise. They say nothing about killing Duncan (or anyone else). In that sense, they cannot be the origin of the idea of the murder. They may be appealing to that idea, but they do not create it. The witches are said to be able to take possession of people and make them do wrong. This, seeing visions and going into trances are signs of this. The later two of these are shown, the second when Macbeth sees the ghostly dagger before he kills Duncan and the third, when he is described as rapt. These witches exist as constant reminders of the potential for evil in the human imagination. They are ineluctably part of the natural world, there to seduce anyone who, like Macbeth, lets his imagination flirt with evil possibilities. They have no particular abode and might pop up anywhere, momentarily, ready to incite an eternal desire for evil in the human imagination, the evil which arises from a desire to violate our fellow human beings in order to shape the world to our own deep emotional needs. Guilt plays a strong role in motivating Macbeth, and causes Lady Macbeth to go insane, until she commits suicide. Throughout the story, there are many different types of guilty feelings that play a role in Macbeths fatal decisions and bring Lady Macbeth to commit suicide. Although there are many instances that show the power guilt has played on the main characters, there are three examples that show this the best. One is, just after the murder of King, Duncan. Guilt overcomes Macbeth where he can no longer think straight. A second example is soon after that, where all the guilt Macbeth feels at first, changes into hate after he decides that Banquo must be killed as well. The last example is just about at the end of the play, when we see Lady Macbeth sleepwalking, and then later committing suicide; this all because of the burden of her guilt. All of these examples build the proof that in this play, guilt plays a very large role in the characters lives. Perhaps one of the strongest evidences that show guilt, is how it affected Lady Macbeth. Act 5 begins by re-entering Lady Macbeth; this time though, she is not at all the woman we were first introduced to. It begins with a discussion between a doctor and a servant about the failing health of the lady herself. Lady Macbeth enters sleepwalking. She starts to rub her arms, in a washing motion and says; Out damned spot! Out, I say! She also says; Yet who would have thought the old man to have had so much blood in him? The word blood, is really a image that we can use for the enormous guilt she feels and her action, in trying to get rid of the guilt by washing and rubbing it away. In the second quote, the old man represents, King Duncan. Her sleepwalking continues as she talks about the death of Lady Macduff; The thane of Fife had a wife. Where is she now? / What, will these hands neer be clean? After the continuous rubbing motion, Lady Macbeth cries out; Heres the smell of blood still. All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. She realises that nothing could ever get rid of the smell of the blood and the guilt caused by all the murders committed by Macbeth. Its also shown here that she feels fully responsible for every person killed by her husband. Just several scenes later, Lady Macbeth commits suicide. The reason was just a build up of all the guilt. Another big influence on Macbeth is Lady Macbeth. She puts considerable pressure on Macbeth and he is eventually persuaded to commit the murder of King Duncan. Driven by Lady Macbeth, he then orders the assassination of Banquo and Fleance and of Lady Macduff and her son. The attempted murders of Fleance and Lady Macbeths son make it clear that Macbeth has no problems about killing the innocent. Being so deeply immersed in murder and death takes away his ability to feel; when Lady Macbeth dies, he reacts only by musing that; She should have died hereafter. One of the chief functions of Lady Macbeth in the early part of the play is to keep the vision of Kingship alive within Macbeth by any means at her disposal. She taunts him to act on his desires. What she is saying, in effect, is that he must not let his conscience stand in the way of his desires. Part of her tactics with Macbeth is to urge him to be more of a man. She identifies him as something unmanly. Lady Macbeth should not be blamed for the actions of Macbeth. He freely chooses to kill Duncan in response to his own deepest desires. Neither his wife nor the witches compel him to do what he does, and he is free at any time to refuse to carry out the murder or, having carried it out, to seek out various courses of new action. But his decision to carry out the deed is marked by his, perhaps evil mind. In a way, Macbeth is never entirely satisfied with what he needs to do to become king or what he really wants to do. After the murder of Duncan Lady Macbeth has thought that a little water and a few lies will clear them, but she cannot evade the psychological consequences of what she has encouraged Macbeth to do. She lacks his will power, his determination to continue, and his ability to withstand the inner torment. And so as he becomes more and more determined to keep killing his way to some final solution, she falls apart. This begins with her fainting spell as soon as the news of Duncans death becomes public, continues in her anxious fussing before and after the banquet scene, reaches its clearest expression in her sleepwalking, and concludes in her suicide. This lack of inner will to confront the consequences of her and Macbeths actions makes her story one without the tragic significance of her husbands. The phrase lack of inner will in the last paragraph is not meant to indicate some limitation in Lady Macbeth. She had thought that she could unsex herself, push away any of her deepest feelings about the love of others, and become a pure agent of destruction. So long as the murders have not started, she plays that role with great rhetorical effectiveness (especially in her taunts about Macbeths manhood). In a way her reference to Duncan looking like her father does take on an important resonance. Whats particularly noticeable, too, is the way in which, following the murder of Duncan, their relationship becomes divided. We have every reason to believe that before Duncans murder, they are very close. Certainly Macbeth shares all his thoughts and feelings with her, and she speaks to him about what her deepest thoughts are even if it is to defy Gods decision. They are at first a very close and loving couple but as more people are being killed by Macbeth (who mostly keeps them to himself and doesnt involve Lady Macbeth) Lady Macbeth is falling apart and being unable to cope with the guilt she commits suicide.

Perception: Seeing is Believing - UFOs :: essays research papers

Perception: Seeing is Believing - UFOs Since the times when the earth was believed to be a flat object, man has had a lust and curiosity about space and the bodies that exist in it. Early astronomers trying to grasp the incomprehensible mysteries of the universe would study the patterns of the stars and planets to try to put this massive puzzle together. In their studies history has recorded sightings of objects that didn't hold to any pattern or set movement supposedly proved to be correct. Objects that moved freely in the sky in any way, shape or form they pleased. Having no further explanation for these dilemmas of space, they were dubbed "UFO's". The acronym UFO stands for Unidentified Flying Object. Modern electronics and science have helped us in the search for an explanation of these mysterious floating objects. In actuality they haven't gotten us much further on the mission for proof of other living beings in the universe. But in a universe so incomprehensibly large that we no not even a boundary, I sincerely doubt that the human race is the only form of life. It seems certain scientists have come up with other hypotheses concerning UFO's. While all astronomers yearn for a concrete explanation on UFO's, their beliefs on their origin contrast. Many looking for a more scientific definition disregard UFO's as nothing more than a mere misinterpretation of a plane, weather balloon, or meteor. Some have gone so far as to say that specific witnesses to UFO's have seen nothing more than a hallucination and "wanted" to see a UFO so their minds adapted that idea into an illusion to satisfy the urge. Personally, I have had two encounters with unexplainable objects in the sky and to disregard them as a misinterpretation or hallucination is an impossibility. Witnesses who were with me on one of the occasions saw exactly what I did and we concluded it impossible to be anything but unexplainable. Numerous other people out there have also had personal experiences with UFO's and have proof of what they saw. Some people lucky enough have had cameras and home video recorders with them at the time of the encounter caught them on tape. Further analysis of the tapes and photos have proved them to be real, strengthening the believers point of view on alien existence. The strongest piece of evidence on alien existence is the efforts the government makes to cover up the proof on UFO's. The most famous example of this is a building compound found out in the deserts of Nevada called Area 51. Employees of this top secret alien research compound have talked out on the Perception: Seeing is Believing - UFOs :: essays research papers Perception: Seeing is Believing - UFOs Since the times when the earth was believed to be a flat object, man has had a lust and curiosity about space and the bodies that exist in it. Early astronomers trying to grasp the incomprehensible mysteries of the universe would study the patterns of the stars and planets to try to put this massive puzzle together. In their studies history has recorded sightings of objects that didn't hold to any pattern or set movement supposedly proved to be correct. Objects that moved freely in the sky in any way, shape or form they pleased. Having no further explanation for these dilemmas of space, they were dubbed "UFO's". The acronym UFO stands for Unidentified Flying Object. Modern electronics and science have helped us in the search for an explanation of these mysterious floating objects. In actuality they haven't gotten us much further on the mission for proof of other living beings in the universe. But in a universe so incomprehensibly large that we no not even a boundary, I sincerely doubt that the human race is the only form of life. It seems certain scientists have come up with other hypotheses concerning UFO's. While all astronomers yearn for a concrete explanation on UFO's, their beliefs on their origin contrast. Many looking for a more scientific definition disregard UFO's as nothing more than a mere misinterpretation of a plane, weather balloon, or meteor. Some have gone so far as to say that specific witnesses to UFO's have seen nothing more than a hallucination and "wanted" to see a UFO so their minds adapted that idea into an illusion to satisfy the urge. Personally, I have had two encounters with unexplainable objects in the sky and to disregard them as a misinterpretation or hallucination is an impossibility. Witnesses who were with me on one of the occasions saw exactly what I did and we concluded it impossible to be anything but unexplainable. Numerous other people out there have also had personal experiences with UFO's and have proof of what they saw. Some people lucky enough have had cameras and home video recorders with them at the time of the encounter caught them on tape. Further analysis of the tapes and photos have proved them to be real, strengthening the believers point of view on alien existence. The strongest piece of evidence on alien existence is the efforts the government makes to cover up the proof on UFO's. The most famous example of this is a building compound found out in the deserts of Nevada called Area 51. Employees of this top secret alien research compound have talked out on the

Important Committees and Their Heads Essay

1. U.C. Banerjee Commission :- Enquiry into Godhra carnage (railways) 2. Sarkaria Commission : Centre-State relations 3. Srikrishna Commission : 1992 Bombay riots 4. Thakkar Commission : Indira Gandhi assassination case 5. Malhotra Committee : Insurance Reforms 6. Ajay Vikram Singh Committee : Faster promotions in army 7. Rajinder Sachar Committee {1} : Companies and MRPT Act 8. Rajindar Sachar Committee {2} : Report on the social, economic and educational status of the Muslims of India 9. Jyoti Basu Committee : Report on Octroi abolition 10. Sawant Committee : Enquiry on corruption, charges against ministers & Anna Hazare 11. Chelliah Committee : Eradicating black money 12. Kothari Commission: Educational reforms 13. Wanchoo Committee : Tax enquiry 14. Rangarajan Committee : Reforms in private sector 15. Chakravarti Committee : Banking sector reforms 16. G.V.Ramakrishna Committee : Disinvestment in PSU shares 17. Kelkar Committee : First committee on backward castes 18. Godbole Committee :Enron Power Project 19. Rangarajan Committee : Statistics 20. Wardha Committee : Inquiry on murder of Graham Staines 21. N.N. Vohra Committee : Criminalization of politics 22. Kelkar Committee {2} : Direct-Indirect Taxes 23. Narasimham Committee : Banking sector reforms 24. Chelliah Committee :Tax reforms 25. Mashelkar Committee : National Auto Fuel Policy 26. Yashpal Committee : Review of School Education system 27. Ram Nandan Prasad Committee : Constitution of creamy layers among Backward Castes 28. Kelkar Committee{3} :Enquiry on Kargil defense deals. 29. Thorat Committee : Caste-based discrimination against students in AIIMS 30. R.K.Raghavan Committee : Ragging in colleges 31. James Lyngdoh Committee :- Student politics and student-body elections in colleges. 32. E.M.S. Nachiappan Committee : Reforms in the higher judiciary 33. Soli Sorabjee Committee : Police Reforms [it was constituted after the Judgement of the Supreme Court in Parkash Singh vs Union of India (2006)] 34. Fali S. Nariman Committee :- Accountability and damages with regard to destruction of public property 35. Raghuram C. Rajan Committee :- financial sector reforms 36. Tarkunde Committee :- composition of the Election Commission and other electoral reforms 37. Dinesh Goswami Committee :- electoral reforms

The Ideas of Classical Theorists

The ideas of the classical theorists, particularly those of bureaucracy and scientific management, are generally considered as rather old fashioned and out of date, and of little relevance to work and organisation today. Is this really the case? Consider the above statement through a critical examination of practices which can be identified in work today. In your analysis, you should draw upon appropriate academic material, and also other sources which can help in identifying current practices.These can include your own experiences from work, those of family relatives and friends, weblogs, working life diaries, newspaper articles and other media reports. Jean-Luc Adamson 110105367 Word Count- 1879 It is a valid and reasonable claim that the ideas of the classical theorists are outdated. Many argue that ideas of Bureaucracy by Weber and Scientific Management by Taylor do not have any relevance in modern day working practices. However these ideas have evolved as the business world has developed, and it is clear that they form the basis of many new working practices that exist in modern day organisations.By looking at the reality of these modern practices, we can see that many businesses still favour a rational approach. This approach draws elements from the ideas of bureaucracy and scientific management, and shows there relevance in current working practices. The use of a Fordist approach, as well as the â€Å"McDonaldization† of companies further demonstrates the validity of the classical theories, as a basis for new approaches. It is also important to evaluate the claim that in more recent times there has been a shift to a Post-Fordist and Post-Bureaucratic society.This proposed shift demands that a different approach to management and organisation is required, yet we have to ask the question, will the removal of bureaucratic and scientific elements in business ever be beneficial? When examining organisations the reality is often very different to the rh etoric. The rhetoric takes a more theoretical approach and tries to explain what should happen. However, in order to evaluate the relevance of the classical approaches in modern day practices, we must look at what does happen. The orthodox rhetoric executes a modern approach, where employees are a major asset, and have been empowered.Management is more â€Å"hands off† and a flexible environment suits employees. While certain businesses may adopt this theory, and it is clear that in modern business, even the more rational approaches are influenced by it, the reality is different. Since the introduction of the Fordist model, production has been dominated by this rational idea. It was designed to increase efficiency in productivity by using assembly lines and the division of labour into smaller parts increased control (Pugh D S & Hickson D J, 1989), thus dehumanizing the production process.McDonaldization is a metaphor used to describe the integral part of rational processes; s imilar to those explained by Weber and Taylor, in modern day organisations. McDonaldization is described by John Ritzer as â€Å"the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world. † (‘The Case of McDonalds’ from Wilson F, 2004). It uses the example of the fast food restaurant to explain the reality of how businesses operate; in particular those concerned with mass production.The dimensions of Mcdonaldization encompass the efficiency, calculability and predictability that it produces. Close rules and regulations, dictated by a central command, look to improve efficiency and have very strong connotations with Weber’s theory of bureaucracy. The emphasis on quantative aspects of the product and the interest in quantity over quality again convey the de-humanisation of the workforce, which portrays the parallels with Taylor’s theory of Scientifi c management.The predictability is inevitable and what firms adopting Mcdonaldization metaphor strive for, which again demonstrates the similarities with the â€Å"production line† aspect of Taylor’s theory. It is clear that the classical theories still influence todays companies, however McDonaldization appears to use elements of the rhetoric ideals, which makes it different from Fordism. Subsequently in Ritzer’s critique of McDonaldization he explains how bored workers, bent the rules for amusement to make the dull routines more bearable. like catching a girl eye, as she walked in† (‘The Case of McDonalds’ from Wilson F, 2004). Burawoy notes how these games are beneficial as they give some control back to the workforce and are thus† tolerated by management, because they enhance the efficiency of work† (BURAWOY. M, 1985). This supports the assumption that the ideas of the classical theorists are evident but have evolved and encomp assed ideas from more modern works, that insist on the idea of employee empowerment being beneficial to an organisation.Despite the more modern theorists approach, the orthodox rhetoric is essentially an â€Å"ideal† and tends to ignore the true reality of modern organisations. I have experienced firsthand, working in a fast food restaurant where it has also seen the benefits of â€Å"McDonaldizing†. The restaurant served fried food of a reasonable quality. The job required little skill and we had to follow rules on how we served, cleaned and produced the food and drink. The managers were there to make sure we followed these rules, which were in place to provide efficiency and consistency, regarding the food and service.The management however deployed a slight autocratic approach, as the chefs were able to decide what the special for the day would be, as well as the employees deciding when to clean and arrange certain advertisements and displays. My experience is an ex ample that supports the view that the classical theories are still relevant. Yet the more modern influences on this particular organisation; by allowing the employees some control, explain that those classical theories are somewhat outdate, and that they have evolved as business has developed.Instrumental rationality is very important when looking at working practices. â€Å"It helps a person decide how to do things, such as efficiently perform technical tasks, resolve conflicts and solve problems by regarding the factors involved in a situation as variable to be controlled. † (BusinessDictionary. com 2012) Instrumental rationality looks at how to organize and not why. It often disregards morals and ethics, and firms that adopt the use of instrumental rationality in there organisation are often focused on gaining maximum profits. Weber saw bureaucracy as a paradigm for instrumental rationality.He believed that Bureaucracy as the most efficient structure; and the fact it disre garded morals and ethics made bureaucracy an instrumentally rational practice. Many modern working practices still use instrumental rationality in modern day working practices; such as businesses which follow a fordist approach or firms that have â€Å"McDonaldized† practices. Taylor devoted a lot of time to looking at how instrumental rationality could be used in industry. () His conclusion to his research showed that â€Å"the means of improving worker efficiency and roductivity take precedence over the end of respect for human dignity. † This rationality shares connotations with the idea of a Fordist approach, and thus demonstrates how instrumental rationality and Scientific Management go hand in hand. Subsequently we can see through the use of instrumental rationality, the classical theorist’s views are still relevant today. A working diary of a Customer Service worker demonstrates how instrumental rationality functions in the workplace. It also conveys elem ents of Bureaucracy and Scientific Management in modern day working practices.The writer of the diary explains various situations, which show the appearance of these ideas in current practices. The woman explains how they receive gold stars for increased sales. This is patronizing and highlights the simple and regulated work that these people are asked to do. The more sales they achieve the more they are recognised. This shows instrumental rationality in the way the management deals with its employees. They are trying to increase sales by offering incentives to the workers; in the form of gold stars. Yet they are doing this at the expense of the employee’s motivation.This links in with the McDonaldization example that explains the â€Å"Irrationality of Rationality†. This concept with reference to the Working Diary shows that the firm is being rational by trying to improve efficiency within the organisation yet they are neglecting substantive rationality by ignoring th e needs of its employees. Furthermore the extent to which this worker is monitored, shows how little control the workers have over their jobs, and it is managements job to make sure they are following the rules precisely. â€Å"okay. How about last Sunday? You clocked in 27 seconds late. This demonstrates how apparent instrumental rationality is in this organisation, as it is purely about how to organize their employees and disregarding the human side of management. Thus the reality of working situations show that elements of Bureaucracy and Scientific Management still exists, but subsequently suggests that these theories are somewhat outdated despite being a reality in modern working practices. (Workstiff Diaries, customer service. 2004) The shift to a Post-Bureaucratic state in working practices, suggests that Bureaucracy is dead.The alleged shift to a post industrial society implies that the classical theorists are outdated and that there is no relevance to them in modern day wo rking practices. However when looking at the reality of current day organisations, it is important to ask the question; has there been a shift to a Post-Bureaucratic state and if so to what extent? When comparing the Fordist approach, to more recent approaches used in Businesses today, I feel that to some extent there has been a shift. An example looks at Fordism and the metaphor of McDonaldization.McDonaldization is essentially Fordism, but it offers a more human, and autocratic approach. However when looking at example such as the Workers Diary this shows, that in reality the shift towards a post-bureaucratic state; where trust, empowerment and shared responsibility become a reality, has not happened, and the ideas of the classical theorists still have a basis in modern day working practices. It is possible to argue that the views of the classical theorists are outdated. We can see that from these approaches there lacks a human element in the way that organisations that adopt thes e theories act.Despite continuous evolution of these theories, it is clear that they do not encompass the needs of their employees in modern day working practices. However to answer the question we have to look at whether the ideas of Bureaucracy and Scientific management still have relevance in modern working practices. The answer to this is that the classical theories form the basis of many working practices throughout business. In reality, many firms still adopt the ideas of the classical theorists, in different measures. A very common cliche is that no organisation is the same.Despite the notion that every business requires its own way of operating; and that a contingency theory approach is often the way forward, the ideas of the classical theorists cannot be ignored. Modern working practices have developed since Weber and Taylors theories, and they will continue to do so. However it is hard to see a time where the classical theorist’s views will not be relevant. Word Cou nt- 1879 Bibliography * Anonomous. (2012) Customer Service, WorkingStiff Diaries, from the US in the late 1990s . Working Stiff Diaries, [blog] 12th Sept 2004, Available at: http://www. weblab. rg/workingstiff/ [Accessed: Wednesday 12th December 2012]. * BURAWOY, M. (1985). The politics of production: factory regimes under capitalism and socialism. London, Verso. * Businessdictionary. com (n. d. )  What is instrumental rationality? definition and meaning. [online] Available at: http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/instrumental-rationality. html [Accessed: 14 Dec 2012]. * Pugh D S & Hickson D J (1989) Writers on Organizations, 4th Edition London; Penguin, pages 94-97 * ‘The Case of McDonalds’ from Wilson F (2004)  Organizational Behaviour and Work, pps 55-59

Free Essays on Societies Effects On Crime

While it may be an overstatement to say that â€Å"society is in the business of manufacturing crimes†, a variation of this notion combined with a quasi-Marxian perspective may be valid. Employ these views to explain how some deviance could be a normal and beneficial part of society. What would society be like with out the pure essence of deviance? Ok, So maybe â€Å"essence† is not the best word to describe deviance, but deviance in itself might actually be a natural element of life. Webster defines deviance as â€Å"turning aside from a course, standard, principle, or topic†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Now, with that in mind, there are things in life which some people consider normal and others do not. For example, In Europe it is it is a common law to drive your vehicle on the left side of the street. That is a normal, and standard process. If some one was to drive on the left side of the street in Mid-America, that would be considered deviant. Does that mean that someone who is driving on the left in Europe is wrong considering the by-laws of that country or are we the ones deviating from what would be correct? There are so many issues that are just as culturally defined as the driving thing. Does one then make it an issue to look at things done differently in dif ferent elements of society than the next deviant or is there more to it? When criminal acts come into play there is a whole gray area when it comes down to deviance being a necessary element of society. Now, one would like to think that it is possible to live in a world free from crime, full of justice and freedom at the same time. But would that be a realistic lifestyle? Would that even be something that one would want implemented into society. The norm would rapidly be shaking their heads and nodding in agreement. Those would be the same people believing that there is no necessary evil, and the world could balance itself out with out the existence of â€Å"bad.† That leads me to think that th... Free Essays on Societies Effects On Crime Free Essays on Societies Effects On Crime While it may be an overstatement to say that â€Å"society is in the business of manufacturing crimes†, a variation of this notion combined with a quasi-Marxian perspective may be valid. Employ these views to explain how some deviance could be a normal and beneficial part of society. What would society be like with out the pure essence of deviance? Ok, So maybe â€Å"essence† is not the best word to describe deviance, but deviance in itself might actually be a natural element of life. Webster defines deviance as â€Å"turning aside from a course, standard, principle, or topic†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Now, with that in mind, there are things in life which some people consider normal and others do not. For example, In Europe it is it is a common law to drive your vehicle on the left side of the street. That is a normal, and standard process. If some one was to drive on the left side of the street in Mid-America, that would be considered deviant. Does that mean that someone who is driving on the left in Europe is wrong considering the by-laws of that country or are we the ones deviating from what would be correct? There are so many issues that are just as culturally defined as the driving thing. Does one then make it an issue to look at things done differently in dif ferent elements of society than the next deviant or is there more to it? When criminal acts come into play there is a whole gray area when it comes down to deviance being a necessary element of society. Now, one would like to think that it is possible to live in a world free from crime, full of justice and freedom at the same time. But would that be a realistic lifestyle? Would that even be something that one would want implemented into society. The norm would rapidly be shaking their heads and nodding in agreement. Those would be the same people believing that there is no necessary evil, and the world could balance itself out with out the existence of â€Å"bad.† That leads me to think that th...

A Case Study of the Hong Kong Cyberspace Governance - Free Samples

Despite the lack of a common definition of cybercrime it is a global issue which have led to increased study into the area. The internet connection between computers enables past criminal activities as well as generate new as well as unique types of criminalities. The general definition of computer crime can be separated into crimes in strict sense, computer associated crimes as well as abuse of computers. Based on the definition of a US based computer guru Donn B. Parker a computer crime make use of computers though not entirely but also passively provided the evidence of the crime can be traced to the computer storage. The victims of cyber-attacks range from the big computerised organizations to the single individuals who rely on computers to store and analyse their data. The Parker’s definition further single out the following as forms of crimes classified under cyber-attack: destruction of computers or data stored in them, fraud cases like altering financial data illegally in the computer, programming computers to get passwords and credit card numbers illegally for financial fraud and making use of non-existing computers to deceive or intimidate others. In practice to say cybercrime is utilising the computer skills and knowledge to commit a crime will be an acceptable general definition of a cybercrime. A lot of developments are taking place in the computer crime sector in Hong Kong. Of noticeable is the emergence of child pornographic contents in the internet, availing offensive materials in the webpages, information piracy, interception of communication networks, online shopping irregularities, e-banking theft as well as electronic sales cheatings. Considering the utilitarianism theory crimes such as hacking is considered unethical as they fail to be in line with the greater good for most of the population. The hacking or to say illegal securing of information online may cause losses to general society as well as companies. Firms in the finance and insurance sector in Hong Kong rely on the public image to create trust in their customer base. Any initiation of cyber-attack might lead to losses to the firm. The data on such crimes might not be easily available in the Hong Kong crime department units as the firms fear reporting the matter to avoid the negative effects the publicity of such matters might cause in their client’s base (Jetha, 2013). On the other cases as the crime does not involve any physical interaction between the perpetrator and the offend ant, the victim might not detect the loss in time or even he may not be aware of the consequences rendered to him by the hacking. The fact that the information obtained by the hacking is for the benefit of few individuals without considering the suffering of the majority affected by the act makes it unethical issue under the utilitarianism. In the global business set up there are established rules and guidelines which define people’s responsibilities. Acts such as obtaining passwords and credit card details of clients illegally for perpetrating fraud is said to be unethical under the theory of deontology. This is brought about by the perpetrators deviation from the normal perceptions which are regarded as ethical. In the online trading securing funds from the clients without offering the products and services in return is regarded as fraud and further classified as unethical behaviour (faith, 1998). The normal set standards require the trader and the consumer to respect the set guidelines hence any person failure to adhere to this is rendered unethical. By the classical ethical theory of virtue, morality and character moral agents forms the basis of classifying the behaviours as ethical. Considering the case of child pornographic contents the person availing such information on the internet is going against the morality as defined by the general society. Such behaviours are thereby classified as unethical with their perpetration through the computer qualifying the crime as a cybercrime The operation of business activities the Hong Kong economy relies on the pre-set contractual rules which are formulated by legislature and implemented by the judiciary.   This rules gives directions on the responsibilities of parties in ensuring that all the conditions appropriate for their association to adhere to the contract are followed (Clerke, 200).   This theory of a contract defines what’s ethical. As a component of cybercrime cases such piracy of information and illegal securing of people’s private information goes against the theory of contract, as so they qualify to be classifies as unethical behaviours. The improvement in technology have improved globally, as a result public knowledge and usage of information technology have been on the rise. The use of computers and the internet is quickly cutting through the Hong Kong economy. Be it in the business or household management all the way to entertainment computerisation is taking over. This brings us to the problem. Cybercrime too is expanding its wings (Varian, 1999). This increase in the use of computers are availing a larger platform for cyber-attack. With most internet users being of young age especially students the government have all the reasons to formulate laws to regulate the use of the internet with an aim of filtering out the cyber-crime offenders. Activities like youth education is a stable stepping stone for setting the computer and information ethics. For businesses to embrace and fully utilise the computerisation there is need for a safe environment in the cyberspace. Ecommerce is very important for Hong Kong in terms of development of the economy as well as building the face of the Hong Kong business as an international trading centre commercial hub in the section (A., 2003). The computer has been used for criminal objectives and there is need for more interceptions to discourage this vice. No matter how individuals and companies are knowledgeable about information technology they are still at a risk of cyber-attack. For internet and computer security the following are recommended measures to curb the cybercrime menace. Boost up security awareness. Business employees are the pathway through which most hackers hit the organisations. It has therefore important to train them on the need to put more concentration on the security of their data with initiatives such as use of complex passwords. In addition, they use implement the use of different passwords for separate account. As the firm migrate to use of cloud computing initiatives such as installation of antiviruses in the computers, installation of firewalls as well as using an upgraded operating system will minimise the potentiality of cyber-attack on your computers Even though the measures above are assurance of computer security there is need to always expect an attack as you are not aware of how prepared the cybercrime offenders are. Use intrusion detection devices, and back up your information just in case of an attack you don’t incur huge losses. Not all the employees in an organization share in the firm’s mission and vision to protect yourself from malicious employees it’s recommended that the firm restrict access to some of its most vital information. The data access should be keyword protected with the fewest people possible allowed access to them. Due to limited knowledge on computer among various managers it is important for affirm to seek the services of security personnel to help him detect areas in the organization which might be a weak point for cyber-attack. Employment of an expert will ensure that the firm gets regular attention needed for security purposes. If you consider the cost of lost information or aftermath situation of a cyber-attack its will be cheaper to work with the cyber security personnel All these ideas if implemented together with adequate government support will help Hong Kong economy get rid of cybercriminals (Won, 2005). A., A. (2003). The changing purpose of capital punishment: A restrospective on the past century and soime thoughts about the next. The University of Chicago Law Review, 1-15. Clerke, B. S. (200). distributedsecurity: preventing cybercrime. Journal of Computer and Information Law, 650-700. faith, L. (1998). Are shock incarceration programs more rehabilitative than traditional prison. Justice Quartely, 500-550. Jetha, K. (2013). CYBERCRIME AND PUNISHMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF THE DEONTOLOGICAL AND UTILITARIAN FUNCTIONS OF PUNUSHMENT IN THE INFORMATION AGE. Georgia: University of Georgia. Varian, S. C. (1999). Information rules: A strategic guide to the network economy. Boston: Harvad business press. Won, K. C. (2005). Law and Order in Cyberspace: A Case Study of Cyberspace Governance in Hong Kong. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L, 248-260. Retrieved from Ways to Prevent Cyber Crimes From Derailing Your Business.

Healthy Fast Food Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Healthy Fast Food - Research Paper Example Though the fast foods can be associated and blamed to the food industry, home made fast foods can be a good substitute, but if similarly uncontrolled, risk of feeding on unhealthy foods still remains. For a healthy fast food, the ingredients used need to be controlled substantially; the consumers should also plan on consuming healthily, by ensuring they eat correct portions of balanced diet in the fast foods as a healthy behavior. People should not be controlled by the flavors, sweetness or preference, but rather by making correct choices for their healthy diets. Keywords: Health, Fast Food, Junk Food, Sugar, Salt, Trans Fat, Saturated Fats, Balanced Diet, Chemicals, Additives, Ingredients, Diseases Introduction The norm of the modern society has been accessing fast foods to save time in their activities. Students and employees prefer to have meals that can be prepared and served quickly, without even paying attention to how it was prepared, the ratio, and ingredients used in the rea dy product. On top of the preparation criterion, these fast foods target a wide range of people and seem to be located in accessible places, near schools, companies, busy streets and town centers, where the population is relatively large to promote the fast food business. As a result, the fast food restaurants acquire high proportion of their product consumptions, where the customers’ preference even dictates how, what, and intensity of the products they prepare. Eating fast food once in a while is not a problem, but why the society or families cannot take time to prepare their own healthy meals is not an excuse to have reckless habits of consuming fast food. There are lots of healthy effects on high consumption of fast foods, especially problems that affect the physical health of the consumers. Although the manufactures and preparing restaurants have of recent been aware of consumer group movements, against their sales of unhealthy food, much lies with the consumers to ensur e what they consume is nutritious and healthy. Unhealthy drinks and food should be avoided for their safety. Safe Ingredients Chemicals: Most of the available fast foods on the market are prepared with additional chemicals that are dangerous to consumers’ health. The past generations could afford to make fast food without chemical additives and lead a healthy, satisfied life. Unlike the past society, the chemicals used today in the fast foods were not available and though the technology was not advanced as it is today, the meals were tasty and healthy. There are lots of foods in the fast food industry that are prepared using chemicals to make the food appealing, add flavor and even preserve them, attracting the people to buy the foods. As a result, people end up consuming processed fast foods containing lots of toxins and chemicals, such as (Monosodium glutamate (MSG), Aspertame, 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PHIP), sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite, sweete ning and coloring chemicals whose accumulation in the body have a negative effect if not flushed out (Strauss, 2012). Just because the food is appealing does not make it healthy, and given the opportunity, the society and the fast food industry should avoid preparing their food on their menus with such chemicals. Fast foods can be made healthier and appealing even without using