Getting Knowledge from Reading Essay Example for Free

Getting Knowledge from Reading Essay Reading is the best way to learn different kinds of things. Such as reading recipe books for making delicious dishes, or learning different kinds of language, or cultures. We are starting learning our children at the age of 1 or less. We always start from alphabets. So that, they can makes their habit to read books. I think which is really good for them. But nowadays mostly people don’t like to read books; they think that it’s very difficult to understand. Teenagers go to the library for fun, but they never read the books moreover, they think books are boring to read. However, for some people books are their life; wherever they go whether in the bus or somewhere else they start reading books, no matter what other people is going to think. Like in this book for these two authors reading is their life. They really think that books are gifts for them are Ricky Moody, who wrote, â€Å"The joy and enthusiasm of reading†, and â€Å"Alberto Manguel, who wrote, â€Å"Reading ourselves and the world around us†. Reading is become a passion for both of them. Moody talks about believes in the books and on the other hand MAnguel talks about the outside world. It gives the opportunity to think about differently and come up their conclusion. For Moody, reading is his believe he also mentioned when he first started his article that he believe in choosing difficult kinds of books so that he can come up with his own ideas. Moody also mentioned in his article that reading was not an option, â€Å"Mr.  Buxton, who probably had better things to do, nonetheless agreed to meet one night to go over the text line by line. â€Å"The first thing he did was point out the repetition of motifs. † (3) Moody did not give up for that he picks up the other book that intrigued him. Moody main motive is to teach other people that reading your own and come up with your conclusion that can give you freedom to think something bigger. You don’t need anybody to help you can explain you line by line. People should pick difficult books so that they can learn something new and challenge themselves. Furthermore, for Manguel, reading also teaches us to learn from your surroundings. In his article, Manguel states that, â€Å"The astronomer reading a map of stars that no longer exist; the Japanese architect reading the land on which a house is to be built so as to guard it from evil foces; the zoologist reading the spoor of animals in the forest†(6). Manguel means that sometime you don’t need the specific books to gain knowledge. However, sometime you can read the other person face. He also said that only mother can understand her child language when her child is hungry. Reading can gives an individual so much; books give a lot of knowledge and become us smarter, because some time we are too busy with our other works that we forget that books help us to think broader. But in these articles, for both author reading is their life and passion for them. They can come up with their conclusion; they are taking interest, sharing their view, and showing their passion so that other people can learn from them.

Investing in property shares

Investing in property shares http://ezinearticles.com/?Pros-and-Cons-of-Indirect-Investingid=1506834: Investing indirectly means purchasing shares of companies that hold large portfolios of securities on behalf of their share holders. Indirect investing is a great opportunity for those who are willing to start investing with a small amount, having no previous knowledge or experience of stock markets ups and downs. You can decide if indirect investing is the right choice for you after examining the following features. The advantages associated with investing in property shares is that investors gain from greater liquidity since property company shares are publicly traded and the time taken to buy and sell these shares is far shorter than the time taken to buy and sell real property. Investors can create diversified property portfolios of property company shares at relatively low costs and in most cases, buying into diversified property portfolios in acquiring those shares. Transaction costs are lower than direct purchase. Finally since the price of publicly traded shares are known at any given time, there are no uncertainties as to the value of them. This is a contrast to direct investment with the buying and selling of real property, whereby it can take a matter of days to establish the values. Possibly the biggest advantage of indirect investment is the expertise and high standard management that comes along with investing in indirect property investment vehicles, as far as someone who knows little about property investment is concerned. Property investment companies have experts specializing in investment analysis and portfolio management and these companies will always stand a better chance for positive yields as compared to a common man who barely knows about financial markets. Furthermore another advantage with indirect investment vehicles is the opportunity for the investor to capitalise on discounts and premiums, especially in the case of close-ended funds. The net asset value of investment companys share keep going up and down based on companys performance and these shares are not always traded on net asset value. If sold at a price lower then net asset value, these are said to be sold at discount and if the price is higher then net asset value, they are selling at premium. This provides an opportunity to earn, even when the Net Asset Value has not changed. Neverthless there are disadvantages to investing in property shares. Firstly, the prices of property shares move up and down with the stock market, as such they are more voliatilie. Between 1970 and 1992 the annualised standard deviation of UK property shares was 27 per cent compared to 11 per cent for direct property as measured by the Jones Lang Wooton Index (Barkham and Gelthbner, 1995). It should be noted that when the impact of gearing was removed form property share prices and when the JLW series desmoothed, the standard deviations were much clooser in magnitude. Since according to finance theory, risk-adjusted returns should equalise, property companies should offer higher average performance to compensate investors with this volatility. Secondly another disadvantage is that since property companies are taxed on their profits , their is no full tax transparency . As such tax-exempt investors such as pension funds are unable to claim back corporation tax. A notable disadvantage of investing in indirect property vehicles is that although mutual funds are managed by qualified professionals and experts, no expert can guarantee a profit on every investment made. There are many uncontrollable variables involved and then there is always a chance of unpredictable happening, normally referred to as the great unknown. Mutual funds can be divided into different categories on basis of risk, for example hybrid fund being less risky while specialized stock funds falling in the high risk high return category. Another disadvantage is the charges involved in buying into property shares, trusts and funds. Investment companies do not provide the high quality portfolio management services for free. This can off putting to the would be investor because they also have to pay additional charges associated with dealing through a broker as most property investment companies do not offer direct purchase plans. Also, most of these companies run excessive marketing and sales campaign because of competition. Some part of this expense is also charged from investors, known as sales load. In addition, another disadvantage is the lack of control that the investor has in guiding their investments. This can be off putting to a investor who wants control and they have to alternatively rely fully on the companys management decisions regarding investment. Another shortcoming is that investing in property shares, trusts and funds are not guaranteed by any government body or authorities nor do they provide any specific protection. The shareholder has little influence over the acquistion and disposal decisions made by the company, nor overfinancing decisons (the amount of borrowing -gearing or leverage and the issuing of new shares which dilute the value of existing shares). Since share prices should reflect judgements about the quality of management, the equity markets provides some form of discipline. The shareholder may also find it difficult to obtain full information on the property assets and development schemes of the company, particularly where there exist complex own ership structures with joint ventures and off balance shet holdings. The advantages of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) are alike to that of property shares in terms of lot size, liquidity, public trading and price information, with the added advantage of tax transparency. As many researchers have pointed out, there has been an explosive growth of the REIT market. For example the market capitalisation of the industry has gone from $1.88 billion in 1972 to $44.31 billion in 1994 for the total index with a substaintial amount of that growth in the equity index (without healthcare). Also the breakdown between two types of REITs in the index was as follows: 205 equity REITs with a reported value if $62.06 billion (70.4 per cent of total assest value); 32 mortgage REITs with a reported value of $21.78 billion (24.7 per cent); and 23 hybrid REITs with a reported value of $4.34 billion (4.9 per cent). This boom in the market was a direct result of the 1986 Tax Reform Act that allowed greater management flexibility and established a less restrictive tax environment as such more tax transparency, creating the conditions for growth in the REIT market. However, in common with property company shares, REITs exhibit higher volatility than the direct market. The advantages of investing in Property Unit Trusts and Managed Funds is that they offer relatively low unit costs , allowing investors to acquire an interest in a diversified property portfolio without excessive commitment of capital. However there are potential disadvantages in terms of lack of management control and illiquidity. In theory, there is some liquidity in that units may be redeemed on a monthly basis. In practice, in a poor market or when a when a high proportion of units are attempting to sell, the manager may defer redemption. Furthermore, the spread (gap between unit purchase and redemption prices) tends to increase when there is selling pressure, harming performance. Finally, since selling pressure tends to occur in falling markets, sales take place in poor conditions and are, in effect, forced rather than open market sales. These disadvantages temper the benefits in terms of lot size and diversification. The disadvantages of conventional debt instruments such as mortgages, mortgage debentures and bonds is that the lender as a investor cannot benefit from any growth in rents and capital values: there is downside, but no upside risk. The risk-adjusted return will, therefore, change with conditions in the property market. Innovative forms of debt funding have similar characteristic. Deep discount bonds are sol below par (that is, at less than their face and redemption value) so that the investor obtains capital growth on redemption. A number of hybrid debt-equity instruments have been developed which enable the investor to participate in market performance. Since convertible mortgages are loans secured on a property (or, possibly, a portfolio of properties). The lender has an option to convert some or all of the loan into a direct or indirect equity interest in the property. Thus, the lender can benefit from greater than anticipated growth in the property market. The borrower can benefi t from lower interest rates or from the lender permitting a higher loan to value ratio, thus reducing the borrowers own equity input. Furthermore there are tax and accounting advantages in participating mortgage structures for both the borrower and the lender, whereby the lender receives a premium related to the sale price (or agreed valuation) at redemption. However, a legal problem the fact that the lenders call option acts as a clog the equity of redemption, preventing a borrower from clearing debt and thus owning the asset unencumbered has, at the time of writing, not been decisively resolved and has been the subject of Law Commission deliberations in the UK. The principal advantages of property derivatives relate to their low unit costs , the ability to gear up investment and the ability to gain exposure to the property market without incurring high levels of specific risk (for example, a PIC enabled an investor to track the IPD portfolio then valued at some  £40bn) for just  £250,000. However, there are a number of drawbacks. These include questions about the information content of commercial property indices, lags in the publication of the indices and the fact that the investor is buying into average performance and cannot hope to outperform the market. he key condition for successful development of property derivatives is the establishment of an active secondary market. This requires sufficient market capitalisation, investors prepared to trade actively in the market (as opposed to buying the initial offering and holding it to redemption) and, critically, differences in opinion as to future trajectories of the underlying assets o r index. There must be buyers and sellers. Once established, it is possible that price movements in the derivative market will, as in other capital markets, have implications for pricing in the underlying direct property market. The introduction of UK REITs means small investors are now able to invest indirectly in a truly diversified property portfolio, buying low cost and easily tradable units, instead of having to purchase, say, entire properties. A major advantage of UK REITs is their tax-efficient nature. Investors avoid the double taxation that any investor in property company shares faces, as tax wont be payable on rental or capital gains earned within a REIT (as the REIT organisation is exempt from corporation tax on qualifying property income and gains). Investors will only be liable for the tax due on income received as dividends. Because UK REITs pay out such a large portion (90%) of their profits in dividends, theyre also particularly attractive to small income-seeking investors. Without the challenges associated with the current double taxation regime, UK REITs may differ from existing quoted property companies in that their prime focus may be less about capital growth than maximising shareholder dividends. They are able to meet the needs of the property investment market and the small investor in that they offer regular and potentially high-yielding returns. Also access to property investment for small investors is for minimal outlay as such there is less exposure to their investments. It offers portfolio diversification for investors and as such more leverage against risk. Buying into REITs offers a more attractive form of diversification than by buying into a wider range of bonds or equities simply because they have a higher correlation with diversification than equities and bonds have (reita.org, All about REITs) Liquidity easy to buy/sell Lower transaction costs compared to buying property directly (stamp duty on direct property is up to 4%, whereas buying shares in a UK REIT will only be subject to stamp duty of 0.5%)Access to property investment in a variety of sectors and geographical locations Strong corporate governance. The major concern about investing in REITs as a means of gaining exposure to the commercial property market is their correlation to equities. Because REITs are stock market listed companies, the performance of their shares is inevitably affected by the performance of the market. In the short-term, ie over periods of less than 18 months, the performance of REITs shares is likely to be more closely correlated to that of other shares than it is to that of commercial property. Having said that, commercial property, whether direct or indirect, should be considered for long-term investment rather than short-term speculation. Like any investment, the value of a REIT can go down as well as up and past performance isnt necessarily an indicator of future performance. If you are looking for advice on where to invest, Reita would always recommend seeking independent financial advice from an investment professional.

Africa from A to Z :: essays research papers fc

Africa A to Z By: Doug Wilson Algeria Algeria is the second-largest country in Africa. Oil and gas products make up for most of Algeria’s exports. Algeria ranks as the second largest exporter of gas and oil products after Russia. The Sahara desert makes up more than 90 percent of Algeria’s territory. The population of Algeria is approximately 31 million people. The primary language of Algeria is Arabic, although French dialects are also widely spoken. The primary religion of this country is Sunni Muslim. Botswana Botswana has the world’s richest diamond mines. But, unfortunately it also has the world’s highest AIDS infection rate. Over one-third of Botswana’s people suffer from the disease. Although livestock employs seventy-five percent of the population, diamonds are its richest product. The population of Botswana is approximately one million five hundred and seventy-six thousand people. Primary languages spoke are English and Setswana. Their primary religion is made up of about 50% local beliefs, and 50% Christian beliefs. Chad Chad is one of Africa’s least developed countries; it has more than 100 languages, three religions and three types of weather. Chad’s main source of income is cotton and its chief business is cotton ginning. Starting in 2001, a controversial oil pipeline was started in Chad, run by Exxon Mobil, and could bring millions of dollars to the Chad government. The population of the country of Chad is approximately eight million four hundred and twenty-five thousand people. Chad’s official language is French and Arabic, but they also have over 100 other languages in their country. The three main religions are Muslim, Christian and Animist. Djibouti Djibouti is located in Eastern Africa, and borders the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. Djibouti occupies a very important location at the mouth of the Red Sea, in relation to over-seeing the shipment of goods into and out of East Africa. Their primary sources of income and export is agricultural products. The population of Djibouti is approximately four hundred and sixty-seven thousand people. The official languages are French and Arabic, but also include Somali and Afar. This countries primary religion is Muslim. Egypt Cairo is the capital city of Egypt. The people of Egypt introduced the idea of irrigation for agriculture from the Nile River. Egypt’s main export income comes from crude oil and petroleum products as well as cotton, textiles and metal products. The Nile River, is known as the father of Africa’s rivers, and is located in Egypt. The population of Egypt is approximately sixty-eight million three hundred and sixty thousand people.

The One Day of the Year Essay -- essays research papers

How are the main characters in a play constructed to represent the text’s underlying values and attitudes? Answer with reference to at least one stage drama that you have seen or studied. The One Day Of The Year explores a family’s relationships at the time of Anzac Day. It is the story of a son questioning the validity of Anzac Day as a true commemoration of our soldiers, while his father refuses to accept the changes in his son’s attitudes, Alf’s wife tries to anchor the family and Wacka, the true Anzac, remembers his experiences in his own way. In contrast, Alf and Dot, his parents, are obviously more traditional. The rest of the house is small, the furniture is dowdy, and their kitchen is primitive. It is then that the viewer is introduced to Alf's attitudes towards life. He is sitting at the table getting progressively more drunk and whingeing about all those more fortunate than himself. His language is slang, and his vocabulary includes words such as â€Å"wotcher†. He also has a strong ‘dinkum-di aussie’ accent. He is obviously uneducated and resents those who are. The family then begin to talk about Hughie and we realise that he has modern clothes and a ‘sports suit’. These are in contrast with Alf and Dot’s old clothes- Dot has just removed a large overcoat. In the next scene, the viewer is introduced to Hughie and Jan. Jan uses upper-class language and condescendingly uses words such as ‘marvellous’. Hugie’s language is not upper-class, but in comparison to Alf’s ...

Essays --

This section of the paper incorporate the types of analyses, which are fundamental in the systems engineering approach in undertaking elaborate products, new systems and services. These analyses were comprised of feasibility studies, alternative analyses, and trade studies. The design team is able to acquire the desired information to select feasible approaches through investigating the requirements, by which through feasibility studies, they can uncover potential technical approaches and methods quantitatively and qualitatively to qualify feasibility. Alternative analyses allocates accurate methodologies and reasonable objectives, while trade studies allocates administrative processes in enhancing system configurations and the distribution of resources necessary for the system’s intended purpose, by which these approaches will respond and regulated based on stakeholder’s needs, input and the aspects of the system’s duration. Knowing the feasibility of the system will provide the advantage of ensuring the system’s configuration before its production to avoid assumptions and trouble i...

European Union Law Coursework

Below are the Instructions for the completion and submission of the coursework as well as for receiving feedback. These are also available on StudySpace (In the folder ‘assignments'). l. Coursework Instructions Answer the following question: â€Å"It follows that the evolutionary nature of the doctrine of supremacy is necessarily bi- dimensional. One dimension is the elaboration of the parameters of the doctrine by the European Court.But Its full reception, the second dimension, depends on its incorporation into the constitutional orders of the Member States and its affirmation y their supreme courts†. Joseph Weller, The Community System: the Dual Character of Supranationalism (1981) 1 (1 ) Yearbook of European Law 267-306. With reference to case-law, and to the current situation In at least two Member States, explain and critically analyse this statement. What implications would the Member States' reluctance to incorporate the doctrine of supremacy into their constituti onal orders have for the consistency and effectiveness of EU law? Maximum word limit: 2500 words.The bibliography and footnotes do not count as part of the maximum page limit. it. Assessment criteria: The marking criteria are Included in Studying Law at Kingston and are available on StudySpace (In ‘assignments'). In accordance with these criteria, the following factors will be taken Into account In awarding a mark for this coursework: understanding of the legal principles and Issues involved depth and breadth of knowledge and Intellectual understanding ability to review critically the legal position, (where appropriate) depth and breadth of research cltatlon 0T autnorltles ana materlals presentation iii.Plagiarism: Please note the University policy on plagiarism, and ensure that the work is original ork that is entirely your own. Copying or allowing someone else to copy your work is cheating and you will be subject to the University disciplinary regulations. The best way to av oid academic misconduct or plagiarism is to use your own words, do not cut and paste from other work, and to ensure that you reference properly the sources you have used in your assignment.Please note all assignments are automatically submitted to the Turnitin plagiarism detection software – the video on the following link is an approachable session on how to avoid plagiarism: http://www. youtube. om/ watch? v=1yYf8Aihndl lv. Referencing: Referencing is essential for good academic writing. Please ensure you read the relevant section in your Studying Law at Kingston that refers you to the Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA), available online at: http:// www. law. ox. c. uk/published/OSCOLA_4th_edn. pdf Through the following link you can complete a referencing tutorial produced by Cardiff University https://ilrb. cf. ac. uk/ citingreferences/oscola/tutorial/ All materials consulted in writing your essay should be included in the bibliography. The bibl iography and footnotes do not count as part of the maximum page limit. v. BLASC: BLASC is a service offering students at all levels one to one help and advice on the academic skills needed to produce their written coursework.Information on this is available in the online version of the handbook (available on StudySpace in the folder ‘information'). v'. Submitting your work and receiving feedback: Please note that computer failure is not an excuse for missing a coursework deadline.

Ralph Lauren Branding

In section of the case study will describe the CUBE (Customer-Based-Brand-Equity) del for Ralph Lauren brands. Second section will evaluate the role of brand association in the company's success. The third section determinate Ralph Laurels brand extension decision to Rugby and the last section will be recommendations for the companies regarding stewardship of their brand in the future. 3 Section 1 1 . 1. Identity of Ralph Lauren brand Brand Salience The Ralph Lauren brand has been mainly victorious in defining a exact niche group of customer's, offering a brand knowledge that is casual yet classic.It has urbanize a whole brand experience encompassing creation, display, retail, customer service and advertising resources. Ralph Lauren has been winning in extending from luxury garments to selling Jeans, bed linen and even labeled paint. The brands are updated and transmitted across cultures; Ralph Laurels marketing with logos is present around the world. The varied products include one of the world's most widely recognized families of consumer brands. For example the Polo brand draws on themes that have been explained as â€Å"country house clout, cottages and castles and Bridgehead Revisited† (Ellwood, 2002).These all advise a shape of product character that is backward-looking and nostalgic. They also propose a form of uppercases lifestyle future to e aspiration. A digit of brand names and logos of Ralph Lauren Corp.. Advises a leisure activity of the upper classes, yet it ass been presented as available to a wider audience. It is seem as more approachable than the typical Seville tailor yet purports to offer similar brand values. One of the strengths of the organization is that the different symbols and logos are all easy to recognize and to recall also it is easy for the customers to match the different sings to the right labels.Thought their brand equity with its brand extension / brand trenching advertising strategy, they amplified awareness and profi tability form offering more than Just one product category (Ralph Lauren – main weapon, 2010). 4 1. 2. Meaning Brand Performance The Primary characteristics of Ralph Lauren brands are reflecting high quality products in all categories to the customers. The organization is offering products for different age, gender and social groups. Ralph Laurel's brand images are reflecting an upper-class society. Every customer can identify it self with the specific brand.Every make is built on individual design and style, and it is appealing o the right target market. The organization is well organized with success in different ways of service also they offering warranty (up to 10 years) for the products. The organizational Is global organelles. Ra VPN Lauren NAS attempted to secure ten legal right to use images of polo players as part of its trade dress, ad prevent to American Polo Club from doing so. The country of origin for Lauren is USA and it is reflected in some brands (RL with the US flag).The products of the organization are available in different sizes, colors, shapes and materials (Ralph Lauren Weapon – online store, 2010). The prices are different for each brand: â€Å"†¦ From the very expensive Purple Collection to the more inexpensive Polo Jeans and RL. Each label provides a full range of products and line extensions† (Seafarer, 2005). Brand imagery The visual representation of Ralph Lauren is an intelligent, people of good social standing physically fit handsome young person with timeless style. Ralph Lauren uses images of the upper-class society, horse riding, sailing, and exclusive hobbies to connote that massage about his clothes via the proximity of the two images† (Ellwood, 2002). Ralph Lauren products appeal to different age groups, starts room teens to retirees (16 to 55 years olds): â€Å"Millennial teens now wear Junior-sized versions of the DENY and Ralph Lauren garb that adults wear†¦ â€Å"(Quart, 2004). Man and women with different material status and income levels are wearing the products all over the world. The brands are present through social events such in sport tournaments.The imagery characteristics comprise a feeling of an exclusive life standard; the brand mediated an attitude of nobility, luxurious, elegance and classic style. The realm of the imaginary, of imagery and meaning is the American Wild West for Ralph Laurels RL brand (Figure 1). The organizations have unique designs; the clients can recognize the Ralph Lauren elements which are reflected in the products (Figure 2). 1. 3. Response 5 Consumer Judgments Ralph Lauren is one of the world's premier brands, generally recognized and associated with diverse designs, luxury and quality.The brand quality is well organized; it is used high-end qualities for their designs, fabrics and products. The strength of the organization is their well prepared service based on: ability of products, customer services, locations, etc†¦ (Ralph Lauren Weapon – about, 2010) The Company is a market leader in the creation, marketing and striation of premium lifestyle products in four categories: apparel, home, accessories and fragrances are not fewer than 10 brand ranges within the Ralph Lauren organization (Annual Report, 2010).Consumer Feeling The brand likeability well structured thought all product areas. The brands; Rugby and Polo reflect a sportive image to the customers and sport is connected with fun. Sport events hosted by the company they are linked with amusing and leisure. The brand stores are constructed on a warm atmosphere with friendly stuff which is important for the general view. The brands of the corporation represent a good feeling to the clients, he different logos and packaging of the goods reflects confidence, warmth, trustiness, self-respect and high quality.Ralph Lauren products mediated a comfortable feeling when clients use or wear the products (Seafarer, 2005). 1 4 Relationship Con sumer – Brand Resonance The brand is successful in transmitting a picture of loyalty to their consumers, on the other side the consumers reacting with the same result, they capturing the image of faithfulness and they groom some kind of relationship to the specific brands. The brand reflects a status of healthiness and upper-class standard, some clients want to show there live-status through the RL rodents.Ralph Laurels customers are general loyal, they trust in the quality, service and the designs. Ralph Lauren website and the RL magazine informs the clients for new products 6 and lifestyles, the company send out quality magazines and catalogues to the registered brand-loyal customers, for information's around the organization (Awoken, 2007). Enthusiasts of the brand have the option to subscribe the e-mail service to get the newest releases and information's all around Ralph Lauren on the weapon to get a direct connection to the brands, and they have also the choice to ion f an clubs such as in face-book, twitter etc†¦The Ralph Lauren organization is uploading important information's about the company for shareholders, press, customers, general viewing, investors and so on†¦ (Ralph Lauren – investor, 2010) Section 2 Ralph Laurels success in brand association can be analyses in different points (Figure 3). The diverse brand logos are reflecting a specific image to the customers. Lauren brands can be allocated in dissimilar price classes, the customers can categorize the prices, styles, and exquisite thought the specific logos.Every label responds to the right target market. Through the imagery of the signs, clients can identify which the sportive and which the elegant products are. Ralph Laurels country of origin is the USA; Laurels cooperation is established in 1968 as Polo's Fashion. The most of the products are reflecting the â€Å"Americans way of life†, RL logo is decorated with the US flag, it is a sign of liberty for the US consumers. Ralph stores are global present; the flagship of the R.Lauren stores is located in Madison Avenue in New York (Vindictiveness, 2010), private organizations are offering their products; Store in stores: Harrows (Harrows, 2010)†¦ The company is offering different rodents on their weapon (Awoken, 2007); RL goods can be found on private websites and retailers as well (my-wardrobe, 2010). The cooperation has the rights of 25 lucrative licensing (Answers, 2010), the company is offering those license in alternative products through co-branding; â€Å"Ralph Lauren has built his fashion, fragrance and home furnishings†¦ (Rotation, 2006) the company is also providing jewelry accessories. (Ralph Lauren – product, 2010) By defining the diverse fashion brands, it can be articulate that they 7 are capturing different lifestyles for the various target market, the brand Polo is eased on traditional style†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Polo, offering styles that were refined, a mix of E nglish classic and traditional American, and conveyed the image of landed gentry to a society that had little use for class† (Answers, 2010) where Rugby can be defined as sportive Ana Purple Aloe Is more elegant Ana exults etc†¦Ra VPN Laurels characters though licensing reflected in the diverse brand logos; such as POLO, the organization owns the licensing rights for the polo player design that means the logo is specially certified for use by the company (Parr, 2007). † Polo shall have the sole eight to determine which trademark shall be used in connection with each particular Licensed Product† (Finland, 2010). Ralph Lauren is the spokesperson for the organization; he is also the â€Å"face† of the brand.He is born in the street of the Bronx, the story of him is like a myth from a storybook; form no one to one of the famous designers in the world. He is present in TV, events, catwalks, fashion-shows & gossip columns (Girding, 2008). Though diverse spons orships are the organization present in events, for example; fashion shows with after parties and charity events â€Å"Foundation o support higher education a ND p roger m s w h I c h p rove did he It h ca ere n m deed IAC I lay- u n d e RSI e r Veda communities† (electrotherapist, 2010).Events for advertising plays a big role for the company, the newest gig is the AD cinema advert (Amassable, 2010). Ralph Lauren is highly distinguished with alternative awards and reviews; CAFE (Council of Fashion Designers of America) for the categories in â€Å"fashion design† and â€Å"best in business† (CAFE, 2010) and they earned an award from the NOR for the best retailer; â€Å"The National Retail Federation has selected US fashion firm Polo Ralph Lauren for its Gold Medal Award in retail. Oust-style, 2009) and so on†¦ The well known companies success is reflected in there brands, awards and products.Section 3 Ralph Laurel's brand extension decision to Rugby is exce llent, because the company is capturing a new field for their brand association. The Rugby brand talks to the younger generations, for the sportive committed target audience also known as the Gene-Y generation; †¦ Young people were not wearing Polo, and in fact the label has taken on hippies for teens and young women in light of fashion's current preppy mood. The young market from what we know buys the knit shirts, but [with Rugby], ere dressing them head-to-toe in shirts, sport coats, evenings.It's affordable and authentic,† the designer said (Lockwood, 2004). The latest objective is to capture the growing college market with a novel vertical trade concept for the brand. Ralph is now one step forward against the competitors, the organization is capturing products for every individual customer. The look of Rugby fashion stand for the college student from an earlier period; â€Å"The Rugby line represents a nostalgic look at the Ivy League experience and the ideals of a c ollegiate setting† (Hancock, 2009).Models with tattoos ND piercing are used for fashion picture-shoots; it is Rugby way to be apparent for the Gene-Y customers. The advertising strategies for the brand are build on a successful way thought; Technological factors such as a mobile device application â€Å"Ralph 8 Lauren launched a mobile app with its Fall 2008 collection and is now selling all kinds of products with this mobile technology' (Blanch, 2009). The phone app: â€Å"Make you own Rugby' is offered to clients for free download, to design their own shirts, choosing shapes, colors and uploading pictures.Every one with the app can create an individual rugby close. It was a victorious way to attract the already exist and new customers (l I ones, 2 I en organizational Is attracting ten consumers Walt n Levers events; new store openings, fashion shows, leisure activities, competitions, parties etc. All information's for events can be filtered out from Rugby weapon (Rugby â⠂¬â€œ Style Blob, 2010). The Rugby Cafe is a place where rugby clients can meet and to become acquainted with each other, it is a space where consumers can order food and drinks in a comfortable atmosphere (Rugby – Our Stores, 2010).Purchase prices for Rugby articles are more reasonable in the market; â€Å"the Rugby store offers a repay lifestyle collection at more affordable price points than Laurel's Blue Label (only available at Ralph Lauren stores) and Black Label and Collection (sold at select department and specialty stores as well as Ralph Lauren stores. ) Rugby will be around 40 percent less expensive than Blue Label in some product categories† (Lockwood ,2004) Rugby by Ralph Lauren is a triumphant way which attracts the younger generation; with the attractive, casual, sportive and leisure oriented, historic based designs and products.My first recommendation for the stewardship of Ralph Lauren cooperation future is, o produce their all products in the USA, bec ause it would be reflect more quality â€Å"made from Americans to Americans† it can be a slogan of advertising for the US market, for every other countries, it can be â€Å"made from Americans for the World†. The second recommendation is to be more different than the competitors, M. Numeric (2007) sad it before: â€Å"Differentiation, the art of standing out from the competition. It can be everything, for example; a space in Ralph Laurels website, where customers can design and buy their own Lauren sweatshirt, NIKKEI is offering this with shoes already to their clients (Nikkei, 2010) The third advice for the organization is to advertise more in the East of the globe (East and Far East). The different brands are already known in the US and Europe but not really in the East countries like; Turkey, Iran, China etc†¦ , only 1 or 2 brands (POLO, Ralph Lauren) are popular there, but what is with the other brands (chaps, purple label†¦ ) they are not really recogn ized and present in those countries.There is a powerful target market for the Ralph Lauren cooperation, with effective advertising strategies, the company can be successful in adding clients for their products, the result can be; more sales, profit, high turnover, customers, reputation and so on. My fourth proposal will be, the advice to work with other famous 9 persons together, it can be; popular designers, celebrities, politicians etc†¦ , the company can make features in the designs with those persons, it can be for example; Ralph Lauren winter collection designed by Marc Jacobs or Beam's graphic design on Lauren shirts†¦Those features can attract more customers to buy Ralph Lauren products and it will be a good social advertising for the organization. The last point of y recommendations will be that the company can produce their products ecological responsive. They can use for the manufacture of Ralph Lauren products environmental friendly materials; colors, fabrics / garments, recyclable goods etc. A big organization like R. Lauren can reduce the carbon emissions significantly and that would be a positive respond from the clients.